Answer:
d. involve some type of substance abuse.
Explanation:
Addiction, which is a dependence on a particular substances leading to irrational behaviour when not taken. This addiction which is caused by substances are commonly refeered to as addictive subtances.
An example is a cigarette and coffee. These two substances would look normal when someone start to consume it initially but would turn to addcition over a given period of time. This would lead to substance abuse on the long run.
