Because she had a serious traffic accident on Friday the 13th of last month, Felicia is convinced that all Friday the 13ths will bring her bad luck. Felicia's belief best illustrates: Illusory correlation.
What exactly is an illusory correlation?
The phenomena of detecting a relationship between variables (usually individuals, events, or actions) even when there isn't one is known as illusory correlation in psychology. Because uncommon or novel incidents are more conspicuous and so more likely to catch someone's attention, a misleading association could be made. One way prejudices develop and persist is through this phenomena. Hamilton & Rose (1980) discovered that preconceptions can cause individuals to overestimate the frequency with which particular groups and attributes truly correlate. These prejudices can be picked up and spread even if there is no direct interaction between the person using the stereotype and the group it is about.
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