What type of monumental art have scientists discovered from the Neolithic period, and where were they found?

Megalithic monuments are clusters of millennial buildings made of large stone blocks that weigh tons. These constructions are typical of the peoples of prehistory, corresponding to the Neolithic period that began about 10,000 years BC and was until about the 3rd millennium B.C.. In this period man ceased to be nomadic and began to live in societies appropriating of territories and devoting themselves to agriculture, and develop tools that helped him in this type of construction.

In view of this, it made sense for the man of prehistory to create certain monuments for religious, ritualistic or funeral purposes. Menhires are called monuments that were not intended to be funerary and are usually found aligned or in circles and intended for various functions such as fertility rituals, commemorations or centers of astronomical analysis.

These types of buildings can be found in a very wide geographical context, especially in Europe. Although few known, Portugal retains the oldest megalithic monuments in all of Europe, even older than Stonehenge, the best known and most visited megalithic monument in the world. The Almendres Cromlech, located approximately 13 kilometers from Evora in Portugal is one of the oldest. It began to be built around five thousand years B.C. and is the largest set of menhirs of the Iberian Peninsula. This set was possibly used as an astronomical observatory.

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Answer:

Europe’s most remarkable Neolithic sites was uncovered by archaeologists near the border of Finland and Russia. The site included the remains of over 70 ancient settlements, but possibly the most intriguing discovery was a group of small rock carvings on the shores of Lake Onega. These simple drawings, or petroglyphs, depicted birds such as ducks, swans, and geese, as well as people engaging in warfare, performing religious rituals, and even skiing. The Karelian petroglyphs, as these carvings are known, are among the most complex and expressive examples of rock art in all of northern Europe.